Ungazi njani uhlobo lomzimba endinawo? Mhlawumbi uye wazibuza lo mbuzo ngaphezu kwesihlandlo esinye. Into yokuqala esifanele sikubonise yona kulo mba kukuba umntu ngamnye lihlabathi kwaye une umzimba omnye nokuba inokudityaniswa. Hayi ilize, umzimba uyilwa iiseli ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingamashumi amathathu eyenza imisipha, amathambo, kunye namalungu akho. Kwaye konke oku kubangela umatshini phantse ogqibeleleyo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuphendula umbuzo ndazi njani ukuba ndiluhlobo luni lomzimba, ezininzi ziye zaphuhliswa iingcinga ixesha elidlulele. Mhlawumbi eyona nto ibalulekileyo yile yesayikholoji yaseMelika UWilliam Herbert Sheldon. Nangona kunjalo, phambi kwakhe, ugqirha wengqondo waseJamani Ernst Kretschmer. Siza kukucacisela ezi zinto zombini.
Ithiyori kaErnst Kretschmer
IPicnic Body Show
Lo gqirha waseJamani wazama, kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini kwinkulungwane yokugqibela, ukuba ukudibanisa i-biotype kunye ne-psychotype yabantu. Oko kukuthi, wazama ukufumana unxibelelwano phakathi kobume bomzimba kunye nobuntu bomntu ngamnye. Iithisisi zakhe ziphelelwe lixesha noko namhlanje. Kodwa ingcamango yakhe yayithetha ngeendidi ezintathu zemigaqo-siseko yomzimba awathi kuyo wongezelela enye yodidi oluxubileyo.
Eyokuqala yenziwa imizimba ye-asthenic okanye i-leptosomatic. Bade kwaye babhityile, ububanzi begxalaba bufutshane kunye nesifuba esimxinwa. Ngokufanayo, ubuso bakhe kunye neempumlo zide kwaye ukhakhayi lwakhe luphethwe. Ngokuphathelele ukuhambelana kwabo nomlingiswa, aba bantu badla ngokuba njalo sensitive, kunye neenkxalabo zobugcisa kwaye, endaweni yoko, ngamanye amaxesha kubanda.
Uhlobo lwesibini lweKretschmer lu i-athletic okanye i-epileptoid. Ngumzimba owomeleleyo kwaye owomeleleyo kokubini ngokwamathambo kunye nezihlunu. Isimilo sakhe si unamandla kwaye uzimisele, ngokuthanda ukuzonwabisa. Kodwa ikwanalo necandelo elibukhali nelinomdla.
Ngokwenxalenye yayo, i-archetype yesithathu ye-psychiatrist yaseJamani ipikiniki okanye i-cyclothymic. Bayimizimba emincinci ngobude, kodwa bomelele kakhulu. I-viscera yayo mikhulu kwaye ityebile, nto leyo enegalelo ekujikelezeni imilo yayo. Kananjalo banokukhula okuncinci kwezihlunu. Ngokuphathelele ubuntu babo, aba bantu ukrelekrele kwaye uyaqhula, nangona benokutyhubela izigaba zokudandatheka. Kwakhona abangqinelani kwaye banethemba okanye baphelelwe lithemba ngokuxhomekeke kwixesha.
Ekugqibeleni, uKretschmer wathetha nge umzimba dysplastic, engahambelaniyo naluphi na uhlobo olungentla. Kule meko, zizinto eziphilayo ezingalinganiyo kwaye abantu abazibonisayo bahlala benazo umlinganiswa obuthathaka kunye norhoxisiweyo.
Iithiyori zikaWilliam Sheldon malunga nendlela yokwazi ukuba luhlobo luni lomzimba endinawo
UWilliam Herbert Sheldon's somatotypes
Njengoko sikuxelele, uphando lwesayikholoji UWilliam Sheldon Babesemva kwexesha kunabo baseKretschmer. Izimvo zakho ziqokelelwe kumnxeba ithiyori yesomatotype, ethi, njengaleyo yangaphambili, inxulumanisa imilo yomzimba kunye nemo yobuntu. Kodwa, kule meko, uthetha ngeentlobo ezintathu ezisisiseko zemizimba.
Eyokuqala yile i-ectomorph, ehambelana ne abantu abanovakalelo kunye nokuguquka kweemvakalelo rhoqo. Ngokwe-morphologically, ezi zidalwa zinde kwaye zibhityile, zinemilenze emide. Ukongezelela, banokukhula okuncinci kwemisipha, okubenza babonakale bebuthathaka. Enyanisweni, abafane batyebe.
I-archetype yesibini ye-Sheldon yi i-endomorph. Imelwe yimizimba engqukuva kunye notyekelo lokuqokelela amanqatha. Kwimeko yamadoda, zivela kwisisu, ngoxa kwabasetyhini zigxininise esinqeni. Amathambo akhe nawo makhulu yaye umzimba wakhe ucotha. Ngokuphathelele isimilo sabo, banjalo abantu abanentlalontle nabanobuntu, ukutya kunye nabathandi bokuzonwabisa.
Ekugqibeleni, uhlobo lwesithathu lwale thiyori yi umzimba mesomorphic. Singakuxelela ukuba iya kuba phakathi kwezi zimbini zangaphambili. Ngenxa yokuba ikhangeleka njengeembaleki, izihlunu namathambo aphuhliswe ngendlela elungeleleneyo. Uqhelekile ukuba mfutshane, kodwa womelele kwaye womelele. Amagxa akhe abanzi kwaye isinqe sakhe sibhityile. Ngokufanayo, i-predisposed ukuphuhlisa izihlunu zayo, kodwa kungekhona ukuqokelela amanqatha. Ngokuphathelele isimilo saba bantu, banjalo ulungelelene, unamandla kwaye unomdla, ngokuyithanda kakhulu imidlalo.
Ezi zithiyori zimbini ezisisiseko eziphendula umbuzo wokuba ungazi njani na umzimba endinawo. Nangona kunjalo, zombini enye kunye nezinye ziye zabangela ukugxekwa ngokuphandle. Ngokukodwa, i-Kretschmer's iphantse yaphelelwa liyeza langoku lengqondo. Siza kukubonisa ezona nkcaso ziphambili ezithe zaphakanyiswa kwezi ngongoma.
Ukuchaswa kwiithiyori zeKretschmer kunye neSheldon
Ukumelwa komzobo womzimba we-mesomorphic
Ngokubhekiselele kwiithisisi zangaphambili, uye wagxekwa ngenxa yokuba umzimba wakhe udidiyela zibaxekile xa befanele baphendule kwi-avareji. Naye uye watyholwa ukungathatheli ngqalelo iyantlukwano yomntu ngamnye. Kwaye, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukunganxulumanisi iimodeli zabo kunye neenguqu ezibonakalayo ezinokuvela ukondla. Ekugqibeleni, kugxekwa ukuba, kwisifundo sakhe, wasebenzisa abantu abanezigulo zengqondo.
Kwelinye icala, iithiyori ze UWilliam Sheldon Baye baphumelela ngakumbi kunangaphambili. Nangona kunjalo, okwangoku zikhutshelwe ngaphandle luluntu lwezenzululwazi. Ukwatyholwa yenza i-archetypes egqithisileyo kwaye engqongqo. Enyanisweni, kwanele ukuphuma kwisitrato ukuze ubone ukuba kukho abanye okanye ukuba zidibaniswe. Ngokomzekelo, kulula ukufumana i-mesomorph enamafutha njenge-endomorph.
Ukuqukumbela, ngoku unezixhobo zokuphendula umbuzo ndazi njani ukuba ndiluhlobo luni lomzimba. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko sikuxelele, isayensi yangoku ayiqhobosheli kakhulu kwezi thiyori. Kodwa, nangona zilinganiselwe, ziseyindlela yokuhlela imizimba.