Computer Glossary (HIJ)

Handheld: Computer small enough to be held in the hand or stored in a pocket. In some, data can be entered by handwriting. Others have built-in small keyboards.

hardcode: Regarding variables or data that have been entered directly in the source code of programs, which complicates their modification.

Hertz: hertz. Frequency unit. Equivalent to one cycle per second. In computing it is used to give an idea of the speed of the processor, indicating the frequency of its clock (see).

Hypertext: texts linked together. By clicking with the mouse, the user moves from one text to another, linked to the previous one.

Housing: Accommodation service. It basically consists of selling or renting a physical space in a data center so that the client can place their own computer there. The company gives you the power and the Internet connection, but the server computer is completely chosen by the user (down to the hardware).

HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol. Hypertext transfer protocol. It is a protocol that allows the transfer of information in text files, graphics, video, audio and other multimedia resources.

Hub: Concentrator. Device that is typically used in star topology as the central point of a network, where therefore all the links of the different network devices converge.

Internet: The Internet is generally defined as the RED of global networks. The networks that are part of this network can communicate with each other through a protocol called, TCP / IP (Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol). It was conceived in the late 1960s by the United States Department of Defense; more precisely, by the ARPA. It was first called the ARPANET and was intended to serve investigative functions. Its use became popular after the creation of the WWW. It is currently a public space used by millions of people around the world as a communication and information tool.

Internet: Intranets are corporate networks that use Internet protocols and tools. Its appearance is similar to that of Internet pages. If this network is itself connected to the Internet, it is generally protected by firewalls.

ICQ (// 'I Seek You //): Program that lets friends and contacts know that one is online. It allows you to send messages and files, do // chat //, establish voice and video connections, etc.

IEEE: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers - Major association of technicians and professionals, based in the United States. It was founded in 1884 and in 1998 it had approximately 320.000 members in 147 countries. It favors research in diverse fields, such as aerospace technology, computing, communications and biomedical technology. It promotes the standardization of norms.

Dot matrix or matrix printer: printer that works by means of a head that presses an ink ribbon against the paper.

Laser printer- Fast, high-resolution printer using laser technology. When the beam hits the paper, it forms an electrostatic image that attracts the dried ink.

Printer: peripheral device that reproduces text and images on paper. The main types are: dot matrix, ink jet, and laser.

Artificial intelligence: simulation of human intelligence processes, by means of computer systems.

Interface: Transition or connection element that facilitates the exchange of data. The keyboard, for example, is an interface between the user and the computer.

IrDA (Infrared Data Association): Organization founded to create international standards for hardware and software used in infrared communication links. Infrared ray technology plays an important role in wireless communications.

ISDN: Integrated Services Digital Network: system for digital telephone transmission. With an ISDN line and an ISDN adapter it is possible to surf the Web at a speed of 128 Kbps, as long as the ISP also has ISDN.

I International Organization for Standardization. Founded in 1946, it is an international federation that unifies standards in about XNUMX countries. One of them is the OSI standard, the universal reference model for communication protocols.

Input (data input): It refers to the information received or the process of receiving information. It is the information produced by the user for the purpose of controlling a computer program. The user interface determines what types of input the program accepts (eg typed text, mouse clicks, etc). The input can also come from networks and storage devices.

kernel: nucleus or essential part of a operating system. It provides the basic services of the rest of the system.