Amafutha ayingxube equkethe owoyela ababalulekile abanamakha, utshwala kanye ne-fixative, esetshenziselwa ukunikeza iphunga elimnandi nelihlala isikhathi eside ezintweni ezahlukahlukene, kepha ikakhulukazi emzimbeni womuntu.
Amafutha abalulekile yizinto eziphilayo, eziwuketshezi kepha kwesinye isikhathi ziqinile, ngephunga elicasulayo, elicasulayo nelibabazekayo nokunambitheka. Zingahluzwa ngaphandle kokubola, azikho kabi emanzini kepha ziyancibilika otshwaleni nase-ether. Azinakho ukuthintana okunamafutha nokungaziphathi kahle kwamafutha angaguquki futhi awayinikezi insipho. Bacibilikisa izinto ezinamafutha, i-wax nezinhlaka.
Ukwakheka kwawo kwamakhemikhali kuhluke kakhulu; zivame ukuqukethe ama-hydrocarbon wefomula C10H16 noma i-multiple noma i-submultiple ne-oxygenate noma i-camphor. Ezinye ziqukethe ama-ether, ama-alcohol, ama-phenols; ezinye ziqukethe isibabule. Zikhona kuzo zonke izitho zezitshalo kepha ikakhulukazi emaqabungeni nasezimbali.
Iningi lama-essence asevele ekhona akhiwe ngokuphelele esitshalweni noma emifino; Kodwa-ke, ezinye azikho ngaphambili kepha zakhiwa isenzo samanzi ezingxenyeni ezithile zesitshalo lapho isenzo esithile sezinto ezitholakala kumaseli sihlanganiswa futhi sinquma ukwakheka kwengqikithi.
Ama-fixatives abopha amakha ahlukahlukene afaka ama-balms, ama-ambergris, kanye nemfihlo yezindlala ezivela kuzakhi zofuzo kanye nezinyamazane ze-musk (lezi zimfihlo ezingenakunyakaziswa zinephunga elingathandeki, kepha kusisombululo sotshwala zisebenza njengezilondolozi). Lezi zilwane manje sezivikelwe emazweni amaningi, yingakho abenzi bamakha besebenzisa imiski yokwenziwa.
Isamba sotshwala sincike ohlotsheni lokulungiselela obubhekiswe kulo. Imvamisa, inhlanganisela isuke ikhulile unyaka owodwa.
Izinhlobo zamakha
Izinga lamakha linqunywa inani lengqikithi esetshenziswe kufomula yokucaciswa kwayo. Ngakho-ke, singakhuluma ngokukhishwa lapho ingqikithi ye-essence ifinyelela kuma-40% maqondana nenani lotshwala. Le fomula, ebiza kakhulu kunazo zonke, iza ngohlobo lukakhilimu. Kepha, ngaphandle kokungabaza, amafomu ketshezi amakha aziwa kakhulu futhi asetshenziswa kakhulu.
- I-UAE YEPARFUM. Ukuhlangana okuphezulu kwephunga okwethulwe ngefomethi yoketshezi. Imvamisa iqukethe izithako ezisebenzayo eziphakathi kuka-15-40%, amafutha abalulekile noma anephunga elimnandi. Iphunga layo lithatha amahora angama-7.
- I-EAU DE TOILETTE. Inamafutha abalulekile acishe abe ngu-10%. Iphunga layo emzimbeni lihlala phakathi kwamahora amathathu kuya kwayisi-3.
- I-UAE YEKOLOGNE. Kufaka phakathi cishe i-5% essence. Iphunga layo lihlala cishe amahora amathathu emzimbeni.
- I-ColONIA. Kuyindlela elula kakhulu yamakha, enokuhlushwa okungu-2-3% kuphela. Isetshenziswa kakhulu yilabo abathanda ukufaka amakha ngokukhululekile, kepha ayihlali ngaphezu kwamahora amabili emzimbeni.
IZincomo ZOKUSETSHENZISWA
- Ukukhanya nokushisa kungashintsha ifomula lephunga. Ungawavezi amabhodlela elangeni noma eduzane nomthombo wokushisa. Futhi akufanele zigcinwe isikhathi eside. Inketho enhle yokongiwa kwabo ukuwagcina esiqandisini.
- Isimo sezulu sinomthelela ekuhwamukeni kwamakha. Ukushisa kusiza ukuhwamuka kwawo, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukulinganisela ukusetshenziswa kwamakha ehlobo. Umphumela we-vasoconstrictor wamakhaza, kunalokho, ubangela ukuthi amanothi we-olfactory ande kancane.
- Amakha anuka kabi kumuntu ngamunye, yingakho kubalulekile ukuzizama ngaphambi kokuzithola. Iphunga elinikezwa yisikhumba somuntu esikhunjeni somuntu sincike ekudleni kwakhe, ohlotsheni lwesikhumba nasendleleni aphila ngayo.
- Amakha kufanele azanywe esihlakaleni nasejikeni lendololwana. Kufanele ulinde imizuzu eyi-15 ukuze ibuyise iphunga elichazayo lesikhumba ngasinye.
- Ukwenza amakha anemiphumela ehlala isikhathi eside, kungcono ukukwenza entanyeni, ezihlakaleni, nape nasezintanjeni. Icebo elisetshenziswa kabanzi ukufaka uswidi okotini ofakwe amakha entanyeni bese ufafaza kancane izingubo ngebhodlela lesifutho.
- Amakha akufanele asetshenziswe kabi kunoma iziphi izethulo zawo: yize umuntu ogqokayo engaliboni iphunga, lisekhona nabanye bayalibona. Ubuningi obuningi abusho ubude besikhathi.
- Isikhumba esomile sidinga iphunga elengeziwe. Uma uhlobo lokudla lunamafutha amancane, amakha ahlala isikhathi esincane. Kubantu ababhemayo, ubude be-perfume bufushane futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, iphunga layo lingashintsha.
- Iphunga lezinsipho ezinamakha, ama-gel, okhilimu, noma ama-lotion angashintsha iphunga lamakha. Kungcono ukuthenga le mikhiqizo kulayini ofanayo wamakha noma, ukwehluleka lokho, ngaphandle kwephunga.
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