Tarihin Tattoo

Tattoos aiki ne eurasian a cikin sau neolithic, kasancewa har ma a wasu mummies tare da tsufa har zuwa shekaru 6.000.

Kalmar tattoo ta fito ne daga kalmar Turanci ta «tattoo», wanda kuma ya zo daga kalmar samoan "Tátau", wanda ke nufin yin alama ko buga sau biyu (na biyun yana nufin hanyar gargajiya ta amfani da zane ko samfura). Matukan jirgin ruwa da ke tafiya a Tekun Fasifik sun gamu da Samowa, kuma waɗanda ke da sha'awar tatuttukan su bisa kuskure sun fassara kalmar "tatau" azaman jarfa. A Yaren Jafananci kalmar da ake amfani da ita don zane na gargajiya ko waɗancan zane waɗanda ake amfani da su ta hanyoyin gargajiya ita ce "irezumi" (saka tawada), yayin da ake amfani da "tattoo" don zane na asalin ba Jafananci.

A cikin Mutanen Espanya masu sha'awar tattoo na iya koma zuwa jarfa kamar Jarfa, ko lokacin Castilianized na «Tatu», kodayake ɗayan waɗannan kalmomin biyu ba har yanzu suna cikin inamus na Royal Spanish Academy.

A cikin 1991 an sami mummy Neolithic a cikin gilashin gilashi: mummy ta yi wa jaririn ta duka zane. Daga wannan binciken ana iya cewa taton ya tsufa kamar yadda mutumin yake da kansa. Koyaya, ba duk al'adun da sukayi amfani da jarfa ne suka yi hakan don manufa ɗaya ba. Nan gaba zamuyi jerin shahararrun al'adun tattoo da amfani. Zamuyi kokarin kiyaye layin bin layi yadda ya kamata.

Polynesia: A bayyane yake, wannan yanki na duniya yana da mafi yawan al'adun zane-zane. Kabilun daban-daban na Polynesia sun yi amfani da jarfa a matsayin kayan ado na jiki ba tare da sun rasa ƙarfin haɗin gwiwarsu ba. Tattoo ɗin ya fara ne tun yana ƙarami sosai kuma ya daɗe har sai babu yankin jikin budurwa na aladun. Bayan fanninta na kwalliya, zane-zane ya ba da matsayi na girmamawa kuma ya haɓaka girmamawar jama'a ga waɗanda ke saka su a kan fatar su: gwargwadon yadda mutum ya yi zanen mutum, yawancin girmamawa ya kasance a gare su. Musamman, Maori sunyi amfani da tattoo don yaƙi. Zanen da aka yi a fatarsu ya ba da gudummawa ga shahararrun dabarun su na tsoratar da magabtansu.

Misira: a wannan yanayin galibi mata ne suka sami zane. Ya ba da tattoo kariya da ayyukan sihiri. Halin allahntaka na tattoo bai kasance ba ne kawai ga Misira: al'adu da yawa sun ba da wannan ikon zuwa jarfa.

Amurka: A Arewacin Amurka, 'yan asalin ƙasar sun yi amfani da jarfa a matsayin wani ɓangare na al'adar wucewa. Lokacin da mutum ya wuce daga balaga zuwa balaga ana yi masa zane don kare ransa. Koyaya, wannan ba shine kawai amfani da zane na zane a wannan yanki na duniya ba. A Amurka ta Tsakiya, kabilun sun yi amfani da zane-zane don tunawa da waɗanda suka faɗa a yaƙi kuma a matsayin hanyar bautar gumaka.

Gabas: kusan a cikin karni na XNUMX BC tataccen ya kai Japan. Daga shigar da shi cikin al'adun Jafanawa, sassa masu ƙarfi suna amfani da tattoo ɗin har sai da Emperor ya yi amfani da shi a cikin karni na XNUMX a matsayin kayan ado na jiki. Mun nuna amfani da kyan gani saboda a Japan akwai al'adar amfani da jarfa don sanya alama ga masu laifi. Wannan alama tana da manufar sanya mutanen da suka ƙi bin doka mutane abin ƙi ga rayuwar su gaba ɗaya da ko'ina sakamakon ɗaukar alamar kunya tare da su. Suikoden labari ne na Sinawa wanda aka fassara shi zuwa harshen Jafananci a cikin ƙarni na XNUMX. Wannan littafin ya sake sabunta sha'awa ta hanyar sanya shi sanannen nau'in ado da tarawa.

En Japan ɗayan mahimman al'adun zane-zane a duniya an ƙirƙira shi. Koyaya, a cikin 1842 Emperor Matsuhito ya yanke shawarar hana yin zane-zane. Wannan ya faru ne saboda kasar tana sha'awar bude kofarta ga kasuwar duniya kuma ba ta son ba wa duniya hoton dabbanci.

Yamma: jarfa ta kai Yammacin teku. Balaguron balaguron Kyaftin James Cook zuwa tsibirin Polynesia shine asalin farawa don zanen turawa zuwa yamma. A lokacin wadannan balaguron, matuƙan jirgin sun sami ma'amala da orian asalin Maori da kuma wasu kabilun da suka "koya musu" fasahar zane-zane. Bayan dawowar su, masu jirgi sun buɗe nasu dakunan motsa jiki kuma suka ba da sanarwar wannan horo tsakanin manyan sassan. A cikin 1870, abin da yake a fili shine sutudi na farko a New York.

A lokacin yakin basasa fasaha ta zane-zane ta samu gogewa da yaduwa. Abokan aiki, Hildebrandt da O'Reilly, waɗanda suka ƙirƙira injin zanen, suna kula da sanya aikin zane a matsayin sana'a.

Koyaya, jarfa ba ta da cikakkiyar yanci daga al'adarta ta rashin mutuntaka. A lokacin Nazi Jamus (a matsayin mafi kyawun sanannen misali kodayake ba shi kaɗai ba) an yi amfani da zanen don yiwa fursunonin sansanonin tattarawa alama.

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, jama'a sun haɗu da zanen a hankali kuma a yau ya cika ayyukan kyan gani kuma ba ya rarrabewa tsakanin ɓangarorin zamantakewar jama'a. Kodayake ba a yarda da tattoo a wasu fannoni na al'umma ba, yana yin hanyarsa ta hanyar nuna bambanci da zana layukansa a jikin mutane a duniya.

Source: wikipedia