Computer Glossary (PQR)

  • Twisted pair: Cable similar to standard telephone pairs, consisting of two insulated cables "twisted" together and encapsulated in plastic. Insulated pairs come in two forms: covered and uncovered.
  • Website: Each of the pages that make up a site of the WWW. A website groups together a set of related pages. The home page is called a "home page."
  • Package (packet): The part of a message that is transmitted over a network. Before being sent over the Internet, the information is divided into packets.
  • PCMCIA: Personal Computer Memory Card International Association. Memory expansion cards that increase storage capacity.
  • PDF: Portable Document Format. A file format that captures a printed document and reproduces it in its original appearance. PDF files are created with the Acrobat program.
  • Performance: Performance, performance.
  • Peripheral: Any device that connects to the computer. For example: keyboard, monitor, mouse, printer, scanner, etc.
  • PHP: Programming language used in web development.
  • phreaker: Person with great knowledge about telephone systems.
  • Pixels: combination of "picture" and "element". Minimal graphic element with which images are composed on a computer screen.
  • Graphics accelerator board: circuitry added to a computer to improve graphics resources and speed them up.
  • Accelerator plate: Circuit that is added to a computer to increase its speed.
  • Soundboard: The board that provides sound to a computer. One of the best known is Sound Blaster.
  • Ethernet board: Board that is inserted into a computer to connect it in a network with others through a cable.
  • License plate: Card that is inserted into a slot on the motherboard to expand the capacity of a computer.
  • Player: Program that allows you to listen to sound files.
  • Plug & play: SIt means "plug and play." Immediate recognition of a device by the computer, without the need for user instructions.
  • Plugin: Program that can be installed and used as part of the browser. An example is Macromedia's Shockwave, which allows you to play sounds and animations.
  • Pop: Point of Presence. Internet access point.
  • POP3: It is a standard protocol for accessing an e-mail box.
  • Portal: site that serves as a starting point for surfing the Internet. The portals offer a great diversity of services: list of websites, news, e-mail, weather information, chat, newgroups (discussion groups) and electronic commerce. In many cases the user can customize the presentation of the portal. Some of the best known are Altavista, Yahoo !, Netscape, and Microsoft.
  • PostScript: It is a Page Description Language (PDL), used in many printers and as a transport format for graphic files in professional printing shops.
  • Pretty Good Privacy: Program used to encrypt and decrypt email, in order to protect privacy, by combining public and private keys. It can also be used for other types of files.
  • Processor (processor): A set of logic circuits that processes the basic instructions of a computer.
  • Protocol: A set of formal rules that describe how data is transmitted, especially over the network, for communication between two peer entities. Informally: language used, for example, by two computers to communicate at a certain level. The lowest-level protocols define the electrical and physical standards that must be observed. Typical examples of communication protocols: PPP, IP, TCP, UDP, HTTP, FTP.
  • Internet Service Provider: company that offers an Internet connection, e-mails and other related services, such as building and hosting web pages. In English ISP.
  • Infrared IrDA port: Port for wireless communication using the Irda standard.
  • Parallel port: Connection through which data is sent through various conduits. A computer usually has a parallel port called LPT1.
  • Serial port: Connection through which data is sent through a single pipe. For example, the mouse connects to a serial port. Computers have two serial ports: COM1 and COM2.
  • Port: In a computer it is the specific place of connection with another device, generally through a plug. It can be a serial port or a parallel port.
  • TCP / UDP port: 16-bit number used as a logical identifier (along with the IP) of one end of a TCP or UDP connection.
  • Query: From English, query made against a database. It is used to obtain data, modify it or delete it.
  • RAR: File compression format.
  • Repeater: A device that boosts network signals. Repeaters are used when the total length of the network cables is longer than the maximum allowed by the cable type. Not in all cases they can be used.
  • RAM: random access memory: Random access memory. Memory where the computer stores data that allows the processor to quickly access the operating system, applications, and data in use. It is closely related to the speed of the computer. It is measured in megabytes.
  • Rebute: Process to reload the operating system of a computer that has "hung".
  • Speech recognition: ability of a program to interpret words spoken aloud or execute a verbal command.
  • Net: In information technology, a network is a set of two or more interconnected computers.
  • Resolution: is the number of pixels seen on a screen. Two examples: 800 × 600 and 640 × 480 dpi (dots per pixels). In a printer, resolution is the quality of the reproduced image and is measured in dpi or dpi.
  • Ripping: procedure to transform the music format of a CD (audio only) to convert it into a format that can be processed by music programs on the computer, and especially convert it from trak to MP3; In this process, the jumps that the CD can give are controlled (jittering) and therefore the quality of the music obtained with the conversion. It is also used to make pirated applications, programs or games take up less space.
  • ROM: Read Only Memory: Memory of only reading. Built-in memory that contains data that cannot be modified. Allows the computer to boot. Unlike RAM, data in ROM is not lost when you turn off the computer.
  • Router (router or router): system consisting of hardware and software for the transmission of data on the Internet. The sender and receiver must use the same protocol. // Device that directs traffic between networks and is capable of determining the most efficient paths, ensuring high performance.
  • RSS: XML vocabulary that allows to know the latest updates of a web page.

Wikipedia


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